#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Virtual Machine Image Guide\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-11-26 07:31+0000\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#: ../convert-images.rst:3
msgid "Converting between image formats"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:5
msgid ""
"Converting images from one format to another is generally straightforward."
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:8
msgid "qemu-img convert: raw, qcow2, qed, vdi, vmdk, vhd"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:10
msgid ""
"The :command:`qemu-img convert` command can do conversion between multiple "
"formats, including ``qcow2``, ``qed``, ``raw``, ``vdi``, ``vhd``, and "
"``vmdk``."
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:14
msgid "qemu-img format strings"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:17
msgid "Image format"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:18
msgid "Argument to qemu-img"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:19
msgid "QCOW2 (KVM, Xen)"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:20
msgid "``qcow2``"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:21
msgid "QED (KVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:22
msgid "``qed``"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:23
msgid "raw"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:24
msgid "``raw``"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:25
msgid "VDI (VirtualBox)"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:26
msgid "``vdi``"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:27
msgid "VHD (Hyper-V)"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:28
msgid "``vpc``"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:29
msgid "VMDK (VMware)"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:30
msgid "``vmdk``"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:32
msgid ""
"This example will convert a raw image file named ``image.img`` to a qcow2 "
"image file."
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:39
msgid ""
"Run the following command to convert a vmdk image file to a raw image file."
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:45
msgid ""
"Run the following command to convert a vmdk image file to a qcow2 image file."
""
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:53
msgid ""
"The ``-f format`` flag is optional. If omitted, ``qemu-img`` will try to "
"infer the image format."
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:56
msgid ""
"When converting an image file with Windows, ensure the virtio driver is "
"installed. Otherwise, you will get a blue screen when launching the image "
"due to lack of the virtio driver. Another option is to set the image "
"properties as below when you update the image in the Image service to avoid "
"this issue, but it will reduce virtual machine performance significantly."
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:69
msgid "VBoxManage: VDI (VirtualBox) to raw"
msgstr ""

#: ../convert-images.rst:71
msgid ""
"If you've created a VDI image using VirtualBox, you can convert it to raw "
"format using the ``VBoxManage`` command-line tool that ships with VirtualBox."
" On Mac OS X, and Linux, VirtualBox stores images by default in the ``~/"
"VirtualBox VMs/`` directory. The following example creates a raw image in "
"the current directory from a VirtualBox VDI image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:3
msgid "Tools to automate image creation"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:5
msgid "There are several tools that are designed to automate image creation."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:7
#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:10
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:10
#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:20
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:9
#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:5
#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:5 ../index.rst:12
#: ../obtain-images.rst:5
msgid "Contents"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:10
msgid "OpenStack tools"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:13
msgid "Diskimage-builder"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:15
msgid ""
"`Diskimage-builder <https://docs.openstack.org/diskimage-builder/latest/>`_ "
"is an automated disk image creation tool that supports a variety of "
"distributions and architectures. Diskimage-builder (DIB) can build images "
"for Fedora, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, and openSUSE. "
"DIB is organized in a series of elements that build on top of each other to "
"create specific images."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:23 ../create-images-automatically.rst:219
msgid "To build an image, call the following script:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:29
msgid ""
"This example creates a generic, bootable Ubuntu image of the latest release."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:31
msgid ""
"Further customization could be accomplished by setting environment variables "
"or adding elements to the command-line:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:38
msgid ""
"This example creates the image as before, but for arm architecture. More "
"elements are available in the `git source directory <https://opendev.org/"
"openstack/diskimage-builder/src/branch/master/diskimage_builder/elements>`_ "
"and documented in the `diskimage-builder elements documentation <https://"
"docs.openstack.org/diskimage-builder/latest/elements.html>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:45
msgid "External tools"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:48
msgid "image-bootstrap"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:50
msgid ""
"`image-bootstrap <https://github.com/hartwork/image-bootstrap>`_ is a "
"command line tool that generates bootable virtual machine images with "
"support for Arch, Debian, Gentoo and Ubuntu, and is prepared for use with "
"OpenStack."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:56
msgid "KIWI"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:58
msgid ""
"The `KIWI appliance builder <https://github.com/OSInside/kiwii>`_ provides "
"an operating system image builder for various Linux supported hardware "
"platforms as well as for virtualization and cloud systems. It allows "
"building of images based on openSUSE, SUSE Linux Enterprise, and Red Hat "
"Enterprise Linux. The `KIWI NG Documentation <https://osinside.github.io/"
"kiwi/>`_ explains how to use it."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:66
msgid "openstack-debian-images"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:68
msgid ""
"`openstack-debian-images <https://packages.debian.org/openstack-debian-"
"images>`_ is the tool Debian uses to create its official OpenStack image. It "
"is made of a single very simple shell script that is easy to understand and "
"modify. It supports Grub and Syslinux, BIOS or EFI, amd64 and arm64 arch."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:73
msgid ""
"openstack-debian-images can also be used to create a bootable image directly "
"on a hard disk, instead of using the Debian installer."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:76
msgid "To build an image, type this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:82
msgid "More parameters can be added to further customize the image:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:93
msgid ""
"The file ``/root/my-hook-script.sh`` will recieve 2 environment variable: "
"``BODI_CHROOT_PATH`` path where the image is mounted, and ``BODI_RELEASE`` "
"which is the name of the Debian release that is being bootstraped. Here's an "
"example for customizing the motd:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:104
msgid ""
"This hook script will conveniently be called at the correct moment of the "
"build process, when everything is installed, but before unmounting the "
"partition."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:109
msgid "Oz"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:111
msgid ""
"`Oz <https://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki>`_ is a command-line tool that "
"automates the process of creating a virtual machine image file. Oz is a "
"Python app that interacts with KVM to step through the process of installing "
"a virtual machine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:116
msgid ""
"It uses a predefined set of kickstart (Red Hat-based systems) and preseed "
"files (Debian-based systems) for operating systems that it supports, and it "
"can also be used to create Microsoft Windows images."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:120
msgid ""
"A full treatment of Oz is beyond the scope of this document, but we will "
"provide an example. You can find additional examples of Oz template files on "
"GitHub at `rcbops/oz-image-build/tree/master/templates <https://github.com/"
"rcbops/oz-image-build/tree/master/templates>`_. Here's how you would create "
"a CentOS 6.4 image with Oz."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:126
msgid ""
"Create a template file called ``centos64.tdl`` with the following contents. "
"The only entry you will need to change is the ``<rootpw>`` contents."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:166
msgid ""
"This Oz template specifies where to download the Centos 6.4 install ISO. Oz "
"will use the version information to identify which kickstart file to use. In "
"this case, it will be `RHEL6.auto <https://github.com/clalancette/oz/blob/"
"master/oz/auto/RHEL6.auto>`_. It adds EPEL as a repository and install the "
"``epel-release``, ``cloud-utils``, and ``cloud-init`` packages, as specified "
"in the ``packages`` section of the file."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:174
msgid ""
"After Oz completes the initial OS install using the kickstart file, it "
"customizes the image with an update. It also removes any reference to the "
"eth0 device that libvirt creates while Oz does the customizing, as specified "
"in the ``command`` section of the XML file."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:179
msgid "To run this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:185
msgid "The ``-d3`` flag tells Oz to show status information as it runs."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:186
msgid ""
"The ``-u`` tells Oz to do the customization (install extra packages, run the "
"commands) once it does the initial install."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:188
msgid ""
"The ``-x`` flag tells Oz what filename to use to write out a libvirt XML "
"file (otherwise it will default to something like ``centos64Apr_03_2013-12:"
"39:42``)."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:192
msgid ""
"If you leave out the ``-u`` flag, or you want to edit the file to do "
"additional customizations, you can use the :command:`oz-customize` command, "
"using the libvirt XML file that :command:`oz-install` creates. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:201
msgid ""
"Oz will invoke libvirt to boot the image inside of KVM, then Oz will ssh "
"into the instance and perform the customizations."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:205
msgid "Packer"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:207
msgid ""
"`Packer <https://packer.io>`_ is a tool for creating machine images for "
"multiple platforms from a single source configuration."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:211
msgid "virt-builder"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:213
msgid ""
"`Virt-builder <http://libguestfs.org/virt-builder.1.html>`_ is a tool for "
"quickly building new virtual machines. You can build a variety of VMs for "
"local or cloud use, usually within a few minutes or less. Virt-builder also "
"has many ways to customize these VMs. Everything is run from the command "
"line and nothing requires root privileges, so automation and scripting is "
"simple."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:226
msgid "To list the operating systems available to install:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:232
msgid "To import it into libvirt with :command:`virsh`:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:240
msgid "windows-openstack-imaging-tools"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:242
msgid ""
"`windows-openstack-imaging-tools <https://github.com/cloudbase/windows-"
"openstack-imaging-tools>`_ is a PowerShell module that automates the Windows "
"image creation for OpenStack and supports building VHDX, QCOW2, RAW and VMDK "
"image types."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:247
msgid ""
"For easier installation, the tool is published as a PowerShellGallery module "
"`WindowsImageBuilder <https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/"
"WindowsImageBuilder>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:251
msgid "Windows image build example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:267
msgid "Requirements:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:269
msgid ""
"A Windows host, with Hyper-V virtualization enabled, PowerShell >=v4 support "
"and Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (ADK)."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:271
msgid "A Windows installation ISO or DVD."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:272
msgid ""
"Windows compatible drivers, if required by the target environment. For "
"example, `VirtIO <https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-"
"downloads/stable-virtio/>`_, network card, or storage adapter drivers."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-automatically.rst:276
msgid "Git environment."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:3
msgid "Example: CentOS image"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:5
msgid ""
"This example shows you how to install a CentOS image and focuses mainly on "
"CentOS 7. Because the CentOS installation process might differ across "
"versions, the installation steps might differ if you use a different version "
"of CentOS."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:13
msgid "Download a CentOS install ISO"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:15
msgid ""
"Navigate to the `CentOS mirrors <https://www.centos.org/download/mirrors/>`_ "
"page."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:17
msgid ""
"Click one of the ``HTTP`` links in the right-hand column next to one of the "
"mirrors."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:19
msgid ""
"Click the folder link of the CentOS version that you want to use. For "
"example, ``7/``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:21
msgid "Click the ``isos/`` folder link."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:22
msgid "Click the ``x86_64/`` folder link for 64-bit images."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:23
msgid ""
"Click the netinstall ISO image that you want to download. For example, "
"``CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1611.iso`` is a good choice because it is a "
"smaller image that downloads missing packages from the Internet during "
"installation."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:29
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:28
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:20
msgid "Start the installation process"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:31
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:30
msgid ""
"Start the installation process using either the :command:`virt-manager` or "
"the :command:`virt-install` command as described previously. If you use the :"
"command:`virt-install` command, do not forget to connect your VNC client to "
"the virtual machine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:36
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:35
msgid "Assume that:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:38
msgid ""
"The name of your virtual machine image is ``centos``; you need this name "
"when you use :command:`virsh` commands to manipulate the state of the image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:41
msgid "You saved the netinstall ISO image to the ``/data/isos`` directory."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:43
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:42
msgid ""
"If you use the :command:`virt-install` command, the commands should look "
"something like this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:57
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:56
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:49
msgid "Step through the installation"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:59
msgid ""
"At the initial Installer boot menu, choose the :guilabel:`Install CentOS 7` "
"option. After the installation program starts, choose your preferred "
"language and click :guilabel:`Continue` to get to the installation summary. "
"Accept the defaults."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:68
msgid "Change the Ethernet status"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:70
msgid ""
"The default Ethernet setting is ``OFF``. Change the setting of the Ethernet "
"form ``OFF`` to ``ON``. In particular, ensure that ``IPv4 Settings' Method`` "
"is ``Automatic (DHCP)``, which is the default."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:79
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:68
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:58
msgid "Hostname"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:81
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:70
msgid ""
"The installer allows you to choose a host name. The default (``localhost."
"localdomain``) is fine. You install the ``cloud-init`` package later, which "
"sets the host name on boot when a new instance is provisioned using this "
"image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:88
msgid "Point the installer to a CentOS web server"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:90
msgid ""
"Depending on the version of CentOS, the net installer requires the user to "
"specify either a URL or the web site and a CentOS directory that corresponds "
"to one of the CentOS mirrors. If the installer asks for a single URL, a "
"valid URL might be ``http://mirror.umd.edu/centos/7/os/x86_64``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:98
msgid "Consider using other mirrors as an alternative to ``mirror.umd.edu``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:103
msgid ""
"If the installer asks for web site name and CentOS directory separately, you "
"might enter:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:106
msgid "Web site name: ``mirror.umd.edu``"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:107
msgid "CentOS directory: ``centos/7/os/x86_64``"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:109
msgid ""
"See `CentOS mirror page <https://www.centos.org/download/mirrors/>`_ to get "
"a full list of mirrors, click on the ``HTTP`` link of a mirror to retrieve "
"the web site name of a mirror."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:114
msgid "Storage devices"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:116
msgid ""
"If prompted about which type of devices your installation uses, choose :"
"guilabel:`Virtio Block Device`."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:120
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:77
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:77
msgid "Partition the disks"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:122
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:79
msgid ""
"There are different options for partitioning the disks. The default "
"installation uses LVM partitions, and creates three partitions (``/boot``, "
"``/``, ``swap``), which works fine. Alternatively, you might want to create "
"a single ext4 partition that is mounted to ``/``, which also works fine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:128
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:85
msgid ""
"If unsure, use the default partition scheme for the installer. While no "
"scheme is inherently better than another, having the partition that you want "
"to dynamically grow at the end of the list will allow it to grow without "
"crossing another partition's boundary."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:135
msgid "Select installation option"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:137
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:94
msgid ""
"Step through the installation, using the default options. The simplest thing "
"to do is to choose the ``Minimal Install`` install, which installs an SSH "
"server."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:142
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:99
msgid "Set the root password"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:144
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:101
msgid ""
"During the installation, remember to set the root password when prompted."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:147
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:104
msgid "Detach the CD-ROM and reboot"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:149
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:106
msgid "Wait until the installation is complete."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:154
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:108
msgid ""
"To eject a disk by using the :command:`virsh` command, libvirt requires that "
"you attach an empty disk at the same target that the CD-ROM was previously "
"attached, which may be ``hda``. You can confirm the appropriate target using "
"the :command:`virsh dumpxml vm-image` command."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:175
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:132
msgid ""
"Run the following commands from the host to eject the disk and reboot using "
"``virsh``, as root. If you are using ``virt-manager``, the commands below "
"will work, but you can also use the GUI to detach and reboot it by manually "
"stopping and starting."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:186
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:143
msgid "Install the ACPI service"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:188
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:145
msgid ""
"To enable the hypervisor to reboot or shutdown an instance, you must install "
"and run the ``acpid`` service on the guest system."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:191
msgid ""
"Log in as root to the CentOS guest and run the following commands to install "
"the ACPI service and configure it to start when the system boots:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:201
msgid "Configure to fetch metadata"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:203
msgid ""
"An instance must interact with the metadata service to perform several tasks "
"on start up. For example, the instance must get the ssh public key and run "
"the user data script. To ensure that the instance performs these tasks, use "
"one of these methods:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:208
msgid ""
"Install a ``cloud-init`` RPM, which is a port of the Ubuntu `cloud-init "
"<https://launchpad.net/cloud-init>`_ package. This is the recommended "
"approach."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:211
msgid ""
"Modify the ``/etc/rc.local`` file to fetch desired information from the "
"metadata service, as described in the next section."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:215
#: ../openstack-images.rst:198
msgid "Use cloud-init to fetch the public key"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:217
msgid ""
"The ``cloud-init`` package automatically fetches the public key from the "
"metadata server and places the key in an account. Install ``cloud-init`` "
"inside the CentOS guest by running:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:226
msgid ""
"The account varies by distribution. On CentOS-based virtual machines, the "
"account is called ``centos``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:229
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:178
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:153
#: ../openstack-images.rst:207
msgid ""
"You can change the name of the account used by ``cloud-init`` by editing the "
"``/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`` file and adding a line with a different user. For "
"example, to configure ``cloud-init`` to put the key in an account named "
"``admin``, use the following syntax in the configuration file:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:242
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:191
msgid "Install cloud-utils-growpart to allow partitions to resize"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:244
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:193
msgid ""
"In order for the root partition to properly resize, install the ``cloud-"
"utils-growpart`` package, which contains the proper tools to allow the disk "
"to resize using cloud-init."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:253
msgid "Write a script to fetch the public key (if no cloud-init)"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:255
msgid ""
"If you are not able to install the ``cloud-init`` package in your image, to "
"fetch the ssh public key and add it to the root account, edit the ``/etc/rc."
"d/rc.local`` file and add the following lines before the line ``touch /var/"
"lock/subsys/local``:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:289
msgid ""
"Some VNC clients replace the colon (``:``) with a semicolon (``;``) and the "
"underscore (``_``) with a hyphen (``-``). Make sure to specify ``http:`` and "
"not ``http;``. Make sure to specify ``authorized_keys`` and not ``authorized-"
"keys``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:296
msgid ""
"The previous script only gets the ssh public key from the metadata server. "
"It does not get user data, which is optional data that can be passed by the "
"user when requesting a new instance. User data is often used to run a custom "
"script when an instance boots."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:301
msgid ""
"As the OpenStack metadata service is compatible with version 2009-04-04 of "
"the Amazon EC2 metadata service, consult the Amazon EC2 documentation on "
"`Using Instance Metadata <http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/2009-04-"
"04/UserGuide/ AESDG-chapter-instancedata.html>`_ for details on how to get "
"user data."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:308
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:202
msgid "Disable the zeroconf route"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:310
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:204
msgid ""
"For the instance to access the metadata service, you must disable the "
"default zeroconf route:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:318
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:212
msgid "Configure console"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:320
msgid ""
"For the :command:`nova console-log` command to work properly on CentOS 7, "
"you might need to do the following steps:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:323
msgid ""
"Edit the ``/etc/default/grub`` file and configure the ``GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX`` "
"option. Delete the ``rhgb quiet`` and add ``console=tty0 console="
"ttyS0,115200n8`` to the option."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:327
msgid "For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:334
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:227
msgid "Run the following command to save the changes:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:351
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:240
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:166
msgid "Shut down the instance"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:353
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:242
msgid "From inside the instance, run as root:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:360
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:249
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:175
msgid "Clean up (remove MAC address details)"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:362
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:251
msgid ""
"The operating system records the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet card in "
"locations such as ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`` during the "
"instance process. However, each time the image boots up, the virtual "
"Ethernet card will have a different MAC address, so this information must be "
"deleted from the configuration file."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:368
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:257
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:183
msgid ""
"There is a utility called :command:`virt-sysprep`, that performs various "
"cleanup tasks such as removing the MAC address references. It will clean up "
"a virtual machine image in place:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:377
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:266
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:192
msgid "Undefine the libvirt domain"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:379
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:268
msgid ""
"Now that you can upload the image to the Image service, you no longer need "
"to have this virtual machine image managed by libvirt. Use the :command:"
"`virsh undefine vm-image` command to inform libvirt:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:388
#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:277
#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:203
msgid "Image is complete"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-centos-image.rst:390
msgid ""
"The underlying image file that you created with the :command:`qemu-img "
"create` command is ready to be uploaded. For example, you can upload the ``/"
"tmp/centos.qcow2`` image to the Image service by using the :command:"
"`openstack image create` command. For more information, see the `python-"
"openstackclient command list <https://docs.openstack.org/python-"
"openstackclient/latest/cli/command-objects/image.html>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:3
msgid "Example: Fedora image"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:5
msgid ""
"This example shows you how to install a Fedora image and focuses mainly on "
"Fedora 25. Because the Fedora installation process might differ across "
"versions, the installation steps might differ if you use a different version "
"of Fedora."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:13
msgid "Download a Fedora install ISO"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:15
msgid "Visit the `Fedora download site <https://getfedora.org/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:17
msgid ""
"Navigate to the `Download Fedora Server page <https://getfedora.org/en/"
"server/download/>`_ for a Fedora Server ISO image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:21
msgid "Choose the ISO image you want to download."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:23
msgid ""
"For example, the ``Netinstall Image`` is a good choice because it is a "
"smaller image that downloads missing packages from the Internet during "
"installation."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:37
msgid ""
"The name of your virtual machine image is ``fedora``; you need this name "
"when you use :command:`virsh` commands to manipulate the state of the image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:40
msgid "You saved the netinstall ISO image to the ``/tmp`` directory."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:58
msgid ""
"After the installation program starts, choose your preferred language and "
"click :guilabel:`Continue` to get to the installation summary. Accept the "
"defaults."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:62
msgid "Review the Ethernet status"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:64
msgid ""
"Ensure that the Ethernet setting is ``ON``. Additionally, make sure that "
"``IPv4 Settings' Method`` is ``Automatic (DHCP)``, which is the default."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:92
msgid "Select software to install"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:148
msgid ""
"Log in as root to the Fedora guest and run the following commands to install "
"the ACPI service and configure it to start when the system boots:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:158
msgid "Configure cloud-init to fetch metadata"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:160
msgid ""
"An instance must interact with the metadata service to perform several tasks "
"on start up. For example, the instance must get the ssh public key and run "
"the user data script. To ensure that the instance performs these tasks, use "
"the ``cloud-init`` package."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:166
msgid ""
"The ``cloud-init`` package automatically fetches the public key from the "
"metadata server and places the key in an account. Install ``cloud-init`` "
"inside the Fedora guest by running:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:175
msgid ""
"The account varies by distribution. On Fedora-based virtual machines, the "
"account is called ``fedora``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:214
msgid ""
"For the :command:`nova console-log` command to work properly on Fedora, you "
"might need to do the following steps:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:217
msgid ""
"Edit the ``/etc/default/grub`` file and configure the ``GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX`` "
"option. Delete the ``rhgb quiet`` and add ``console=tty0 console="
"ttyS0,115200n8`` to the option. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-fedora-image.rst:279
msgid ""
"The underlying image file that you created with the :command:`qemu-img "
"create` command is ready to be uploaded. For example, you can upload the ``/"
"tmp/fedora.qcow2`` image to the Image service by using the :command:"
"`openstack image create` command. For more information, see the `python-"
"openstackclient command list <https://docs.openstack.org/python-"
"openstackclient/latest/cli/command-objects/image.html>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:3
msgid "Example: FreeBSD image"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:5
msgid ""
"This example creates a minimal FreeBSD image that is compatible with "
"OpenStack and ``bsd-cloudinit``. The ``bsd-cloudinit`` program is "
"independently maintained and in active development. The best source of "
"information on the current state of the project is at `bsd-cloudinit <http://"
"pellaeon.github.io/bsd-cloudinit/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:12
msgid ""
"KVM with virtio drivers is used as the virtualization platform because that "
"is the most widely used among OpenStack operators. If you use a different "
"platform for your cloud virtualization, use that same platform in the image "
"creation step."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:17
msgid ""
"This example shows how to create a FreeBSD 10 image. To create a FreeBSD 9.2 "
"image, follow these steps with the noted differences."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:23
#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:11
#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:8
msgid "Prerequisites"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:25
msgid "Make a virtual drive:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:31
msgid ""
"The minimum supported disk size for FreeBSD is 1 GB. Because the goal is to "
"make the smallest possible base image, the example uses that minimum size. "
"This size is sufficient to include the optional ``doc``, ``games``, and "
"``lib32`` collections. To include the ``ports`` collection, add another 1 GB."
" To include ``src``, add 512 MB."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:38
msgid "Get the installer ISO:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:45
msgid ""
"Launch a VM on your local workstation. Use the same hypervisor, virtual "
"disk, and virtual network drivers as you use in your production environment."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:49
msgid "The following command uses the minimum amount of RAM, which is 256 MB:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:57
msgid ""
"You can specify up to 1 GB additional RAM to make the installation process "
"run faster."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:60
msgid "This VM must also have Internet access to download packages."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:64
msgid ""
"By using the same hypervisor, you can ensure that you emulate the same "
"devices that exist in production. However, if you use full hardware "
"virtualization instead of paravirtualization, you do not need to use the "
"same hypervisor; you must use the same type of virtualized hardware because "
"FreeBSD device names are related to their drivers. If the name of your root "
"block device or primary network interface in production differs than the "
"names used during image creation, errors can occur."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:74
msgid ""
"You now have a VM that boots from the downloaded install ISO and is "
"connected to the blank virtual disk that you created previously."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:78
#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:28
msgid "Installation"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:80
msgid ""
"To install the operating system, complete the following steps inside the VM:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:83
msgid "When prompted, choose to run the ISO in :guilabel:`Install` mode."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:85
msgid ""
"Accept the default keymap or select an appropriate mapping for your needs."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:88
msgid ""
"Provide a host name for your image. If you use ``bsd-cloudinit``, it "
"overrides this value with the name provided by OpenStack when an instance "
"boots from this image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:92
msgid ""
"When prompted about the optional ``doc``, ``games``, ``lib32``, ``ports``, "
"and ``src`` system components, select only those that you need. It is "
"possible to have a fully functional installation without selecting "
"additional components selected. As noted previously, a minimal system with a "
"1 GB virtual disk supports ``doc``, ``games``, and ``lib32`` inclusive. The "
"``ports`` collection requires at least 1 GB additional space and possibly "
"more if you plan to install many ports. The ``src`` collection requires an "
"additional 512 MB."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:103
msgid ""
"Configure the primary network interface to use DHCP. In this example, which "
"uses a virtio network device, this interface is named ``vtnet0``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:107
msgid "Accept the default network mirror."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:109
msgid "Set up disk partitioning."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:111
msgid ""
"Disk partitioning is a critical element of the image creation process and "
"the auto-generated default partitioning scheme does not work with ``bsd-"
"cloudinit`` at this time."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:115
msgid ""
"Because the default does not work, you must select manual partitioning. The "
"partition editor should list only one block device. If you use virtio for "
"the disk device driver, it is named ``vtbd0``. Select this device and run "
"the :command:`create` command three times:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:121
msgid ""
"Select :guilabel:`Create` to create a partition table. This action is the "
"default when no partition table exists. Then, select :guilabel:`GPT GUID "
"Partition Table` from the list. This choice is the default."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:126
msgid "Create two partitions:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:128
msgid ""
"First partition: A 64 kB ``freebsd-boot`` partition with no mount point."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:130
msgid ""
"Second partition: A ``freebsd-ufs`` partition with a mount point of ``/`` "
"with all remaining free space."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:133
msgid ""
"The following figure shows a completed partition table with a 1 GB virtual "
"disk:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:139
msgid ""
"Select :guilabel:`Finish` and then :guilabel:`Commit` to commit your changes."
""
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:144
msgid ""
"If you modify this example, the root partition, which is mounted on ``/``, "
"must be the last partition on the drive so that it can expand at run time to "
"the disk size that your instance type provides. Also note that ``bsd-"
"cloudinit`` currently has a hard-coded assumption that this is the second "
"partition."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:151
msgid "Select a root password."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:153
msgid "Select the CMOS time zone."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:155
msgid ""
"The virtualized CMOS almost always stores its time in UTC, so unless you "
"know otherwise, select UTC."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:158
msgid "Select the time zone appropriate to your environment."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:160
msgid ""
"From the list of services to start on boot, you must select :guilabel:`ssh`. "
"Optionally, select other services."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:163
msgid "Optionally, add users."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:165
msgid ""
"You do not need to add users at this time. The ``bsd-cloudinit`` program "
"adds a ``freebsd`` user account if one does not exist. The ``ssh`` keys for "
"this user are associated with OpenStack. To customize this user account, you "
"can create it now. For example, you might want to customize the shell for "
"the user."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:172
msgid "Final config"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:174
msgid ""
"This menu enables you to update previous settings. Check that the settings "
"are correct, and click :guilabel:`exit`."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:177
msgid ""
"After you exit, you can open a shell to complete manual configuration steps. "
"Select :guilabel:`Yes` to make a few OpenStack-specific changes:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:181
msgid "Set up the console:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:187
msgid ""
"This sets console output to go to the serial console, which is displayed by :"
"command:`nova consolelog`, and the video console for sites with VNC or Spice "
"configured."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:191
msgid "Minimize boot delay:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:197
msgid ""
"Download the latest ``bsd-cloudinit-installer``. The download commands "
"differ between FreeBSD 10.1 and 9.2 because of differences in how the :"
"command:`fetch` command handles HTTPS URLs."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:202
msgid ""
"In FreeBSD 10.1 the :command:`fetch` command verifies SSL peers by default, "
"so you need to install the ``ca_root_nss`` package that contains certificate "
"authority root certificates and tell :command:`fetch` where to find them. "
"For FreeBSD 10.1 run these commands:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:214
msgid ""
"FreeBSD 9.2 :command:`fetch` does not support peer-verification for https. "
"For FreeBSD 9.2, run this command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:221
msgid "Run the installer:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:227
msgid ""
"Issue this command to download and install the latest ``bsd-cloudinit`` "
"package, and install the necessary prerequisites."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:230
msgid ""
"Install ``sudo`` and configure the ``freebsd`` user to have passwordless "
"access:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-freebsd-image.rst:238
msgid "Power off the system:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:3
msgid "Example: Ubuntu image"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:5
msgid ""
"This example installs an Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic Beaver) image. To create an "
"image for a different version of Ubuntu, follow these steps with the noted "
"differences."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:12
msgid "Download an Ubuntu installation ISO"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:14
msgid ""
"Because the goal is to make the smallest possible base image, this example "
"uses the network installation ISO. The Ubuntu 64-bit 18.04 network "
"installation ISO is at the `Ubuntu download page <http://archive.ubuntu.com/"
"ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/mini.iso>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:22
msgid ""
"Start the installation process by using either :command:`virt-manager` or :"
"command:`virt-install` as described in the previous section. If you use :"
"command:`virt-install`, do not forget to connect your VNC client to the "
"virtual machine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:27
msgid ""
"Assume that the name of your virtual machine image is ``ubuntu-18.04``, "
"which you need to know when you use :command:`virsh` commands to manipulate "
"the state of the image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:31
msgid ""
"If you are using :command:`virt-manager`, the commands should look something "
"like this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:51
msgid ""
"At the initial Installer boot menu, choose the :guilabel:`Install` option. "
"Step through the installation prompts, the defaults should be fine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:60
msgid ""
"The installer may ask you to choose a host name. The default (``ubuntu``) is "
"fine. We will install the cloud-init package later, which will set the host "
"name on boot when a new instance is provisioned using this image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:66
msgid "Select a mirror"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:68
msgid "The default mirror proposed by the installer should be fine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:71
msgid "Step through the install"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:73
msgid ""
"Step through the install, using the default options. When prompted for a "
"user name, the default (``ubuntu``) is fine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:79
msgid ""
"There are different options for partitioning the disks. The default "
"installation will use LVM partitions, and will create three partitions (``/"
"boot``, ``/``, swap), and this will work fine. Alternatively, you may wish "
"to create a single ext4 partition, mounted to \"``/``\", should also work "
"fine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:85
msgid ""
"If unsure, we recommend you use the installer's default partition scheme, "
"since there is no clear advantage to one scheme or another."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:89
msgid "Automatic updates"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:91
msgid ""
"The Ubuntu installer will ask how you want to manage upgrades on your system."
" This option depends on your specific use case. If your virtual machine "
"instances will be connected to the Internet, we recommend \"Install security "
"updates automatically\"."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:97
msgid "Software selection: OpenSSH server"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:99
msgid ""
"Choose :guilabel:`OpenSSH server` so that you will be able to SSH into the "
"virtual machine when it launches inside of an OpenStack cloud."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:105
msgid "Install GRUB boot loader"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:107
msgid ""
"Select :guilabel:`Yes` when asked about installing the GRUB boot loader to "
"the master boot record."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:113
msgid ""
"For more information on configuring Grub, see the section called \":ref:"
"`write-to-console`\"."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:117
msgid "Log in to newly created image"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:119
msgid ""
"When you boot for the first time after install, it may ask you about "
"authentication tools, you can just choose :guilabel:`Exit`. Then, log in as "
"admin user using the password you specified."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:124
msgid "Install cloud-init"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:126
msgid ""
"The :command:`cloud-init` script starts on instance boot and will search for "
"a metadata provider to fetch a public key from. The public key will be "
"placed in the default user account for the image."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:130
msgid "Install the ``cloud-init`` package:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:136
msgid ""
"When building Ubuntu images :command:`cloud-init` must be explicitly "
"configured for the metadata source in use. The OpenStack metadata server "
"emulates the EC2 metadata service used by images in Amazon EC2."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:141
msgid ""
"To set the metadata source to be used by the image run the :command:`dpkg-"
"reconfigure` command against the ``cloud-init`` package. When prompted "
"select the :guilabel:`EC2` data source:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:149
msgid ""
"The account varies by distribution. On Ubuntu-based virtual machines, the "
"account is called ``ubuntu``. On Fedora-based virtual machines, the account "
"is called ``ec2-user``."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:168
msgid "From inside the instance, as root:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:177
msgid ""
"The operating system records the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet card in "
"locations such as ``/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules`` during the "
"installation process. However, each time the image boots up, the virtual "
"Ethernet card will have a different MAC address, so this information must be "
"deleted from the configuration file."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:194
msgid ""
"Now that the image is ready to be uploaded to the Image service, you no "
"longer need to have this virtual machine image managed by libvirt. Use the :"
"command:`virsh undefine vm-image` command to inform libvirt:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-ubuntu-image.rst:205
msgid ""
"The underlying image file that you created with the :command:`qemu-img "
"create` command, such as ``/var/lib/libvirt/images/bionic.qcow2``, is now "
"ready for uploading to the Image service by using the :command:`openstack "
"image create` command. For more information, see the `Glance User Guide "
"<https://docs.openstack.org/glance/latest/user/index.html>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:3
msgid "Example: Microsoft Windows image"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:7
msgid ""
"This example creates a Windows Server 2012 qcow2 image, using the :command:"
"`virt-install` command and the KVM hypervisor."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:13
msgid "Follow these steps to prepare the installation:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:15
msgid ""
"Download a Windows Server 2012 installation ISO. Evaluation images are "
"available on the `Microsoft website <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/"
"evalcenter/ evaluate-windows-server-2012>`_ (registration required)."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:19
msgid ""
"Download the signed VirtIO drivers ISO from the `Fedora website <https://"
"docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/creating-windows-virtual-machines-"
"using-virtio-drivers/index.html>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:21
msgid "Create a 15 GB qcow2 image:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:30
msgid ""
"Start the Windows Server 2012 installation with the :command:`virt-install` "
"command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:44
msgid ""
"Use :command:`virt-manager` or :command:`virt-viewer` to connect to the VM "
"and start the Windows installation."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:47
msgid ""
"Enable the VirtIO drivers. By default, the Windows installer does not detect "
"the disk."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:50
msgid ""
"Load VirtIO SCSI drivers and  network drivers by choosing an installation "
"target when prompted. Click :guilabel:`Load driver` and browse the file "
"system."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:54
msgid ""
"Select the ``E:\\virtio-win-0.1XX\\viostor\\2k12\\amd64`` folder. The "
"Windows installer displays a list of drivers to install."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:57
msgid "Select the VirtIO SCSI drivers."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:59
msgid ""
"Click :guilabel:`Load driver` and browse the file system, and select the ``E:"
"\\NETKVM\\2k12\\amd64`` folder."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:62
msgid ""
"Select the network drivers, and continue the installation. Once the "
"installation is completed, the VM restarts."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:65
msgid "Define a password for the administrator when prompted."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:67
msgid "Log in as administrator and start a command window."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:69
msgid ""
"Complete the VirtIO drivers installation by running the following command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:76
msgid ""
"To allow the :term:`Cloudbase-Init` to run scripts during an instance boot, "
"set the PowerShell execution policy to be unrestricted:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:84
msgid "Download and install the ``Cloudbase-Init``:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:91
msgid ""
"In the :guilabel:`configuration options` window, change the following "
"settings:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:94
msgid "Username: ``Administrator``"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:95
msgid "Network adapter to configure: ``Red Hat VirtIO Ethernet Adapter``"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:96
msgid "Serial port for logging: ``COM1``"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:98
msgid ""
"When the installation is done, in the :guilabel:`Complete the Cloudbase-Init "
"Setup Wizard` window, select the :guilabel:`Run Sysprep` and :guilabel:"
"`Shutdown` check boxes and click :guilabel:`Finish`."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:103
msgid "Wait for the machine shutdown."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:106
msgid "Image ready"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-example-windows-image.rst:108
msgid "Your image is ready to upload to the Image service:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:3
msgid "Tools: libvirt and virsh/virt-manager"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:11
msgid "Verify the libvirt default network is running"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:13
msgid ""
"Before starting a virtual machine with libvirt, verify that the libvirt "
"``default`` network has started. This network must be active for your "
"virtual machine to be able to connect out to the network. Starting this "
"network will create a Linux bridge (usually called ``virbr0``), iptables "
"rules, and a dnsmasq process that will serve as a DHCP server."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:21
msgid ""
"To verify that the libvirt ``default`` network is enabled, use the :command:"
"`virsh net-list` command and verify that the ``default`` network is active:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:32
msgid "If the network is not active, start it by doing:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:39
msgid "Use the virt-manager X11 GUI"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:41
msgid ""
"If you plan to create a virtual machine image on a machine that can run X11 "
"applications, the simplest way to do so is to use the :command:`virt-"
"manager` GUI, which is installable as the ``virt-manager`` package on both "
"Fedora-based and Debian-based systems. This GUI has an embedded VNC client "
"that will let you view and interact with the guest's graphical console."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:48
msgid ""
"If you are building the image on a headless server, and you have an X server "
"on your local machine, you can launch :command:`virt-manager` using ssh X11 "
"forwarding to access the GUI. Since virt-manager interacts directly with "
"libvirt, you typically need to be root to access it. If you can ssh directly "
"in as root (or with a user that has permissions to interact with libvirt), "
"do:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:59
msgid ""
"If the account you use to ssh into your server does not have permissions to "
"run libvirt, but has sudo privileges, do:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:69
msgid ""
"The ``-X`` flag passed to ssh will enable X11 forwarding over ssh. If this "
"does not work, try replacing it with the ``-Y`` flag."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:72
msgid ""
"Click the :guilabel:`Create a new virtual machine` button at the top-left, "
"or go to :menuselection:`File --> New Virtual Machine`. Then, follow the "
"instructions."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:79
msgid ""
"You will be shown a series of dialog boxes that will allow you to specify "
"information about the virtual machine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:84
msgid ""
"When using qcow2 format images, you should check the option ``Customize "
"configuration before install``, go to disk properties and explicitly select "
"the :guilabel:`qcow2` format. This ensures the virtual machine disk size "
"will be correct."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:90
msgid "Use virt-install and connect by using a local VNC client"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:92
msgid ""
"If you do not wish to use :command:`virt-manager` (for example, you do not "
"want to install the dependencies on your server, you do not have an X server "
"running locally, the X11 forwarding over SSH is not working), you can use "
"the :command:`virt-install` tool to boot the virtual machine through libvirt "
"and connect to the graphical console from a VNC client installed on your "
"local machine."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:99
msgid ""
"Because VNC is a standard protocol, there are multiple clients available "
"that implement the VNC spec, including `TigerVNC <https://tigervnc.org/>`_ "
"(multiple platforms), `TightVNC <http://tightvnc.com/>`_ (multiple "
"platforms), `RealVNC <http://realvnc.com/>`_ (multiple platforms), `Chicken "
"<http://sourceforge.net/projects/chicken/>`_ (Mac OS X), `Krde <http://"
"userbase.kde.org/Krdc>`_ (KDE), `Vinagre <https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/"
"Vinagre>`_ (GNOME)."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:108
msgid ""
"The following example shows how to use the :command:`qemu-img` command to "
"create an empty image file, and :command:`virt-install` command to start up "
"a virtual machine using that image file. As root:"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:127
msgid ""
"The KVM hypervisor starts the virtual machine with the libvirt name, "
"``centos``, with 1024 MB of RAM. The virtual machine also has a virtual CD-"
"ROM drive associated with the ``/data/isos/CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1611."
"iso`` file and a local 10 GB hard disk in qcow2 format that is stored in the "
"host at ``/tmp/centos.qcow2``. It configures networking to use libvirt "
"default network. There is a VNC server that is listening on all interfaces, "
"and libvirt will not attempt to launch a VNC client automatically nor try to "
"display the text console (``--no-autoconsole``). Finally, libvirt will "
"attempt to optimize the configuration for a Linux guest running a CentOS 7 "
"distribution."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:142
msgid ""
"When using the libvirt ``default`` network, libvirt will connect the virtual "
"machine's interface to a bridge called ``virbr0``. There is a dnsmasq "
"process managed by libvirt that will hand out an IP address on the 192.168."
"122.0/24 subnet, and libvirt has iptables rules for doing NAT for IP "
"addresses on this subnet."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:149
msgid ""
"Run the :command:`osinfo-query os` command to see a range of allowed ``--os-"
"variant`` options."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:152
msgid ""
"Use the :command:`virsh vncdisplay vm-name` command to get the VNC port "
"number."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually-tools-libvirt.rst:160
msgid ""
"In the example above, the guest ``centos`` uses VNC display ``:1``, which "
"corresponds to TCP port ``5901``. You should be able to connect a VNC client "
"running on your local machine to display ``:1`` on the remote machine and "
"step through the installation process."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:3
msgid "Create images manually"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:5
msgid ""
"Creating a new image is a step done outside of your OpenStack installation. "
"You create the new image manually on your own system and then upload the "
"image to your cloud."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:9
msgid ""
"To create a new image, you will need the installation CD or DVD ISO file for "
"the guest operating system. You will also need access to a virtualization "
"tool. You can use KVM for this. Or, if you have a GUI desktop virtualization "
"tool (such as, VMware Fusion or VirtualBox), you can use that instead. "
"Convert the file to raw once you are done."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:16
msgid ""
"When you create a new virtual machine image, you will need to connect to the "
"graphical console of the hypervisor, which acts as the virtual machine's "
"display and allows you to interact with the guest operating system's "
"installer using your keyboard and mouse. KVM can expose the graphical "
"console using the `VNC <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Virtual_Network_Computing>`_ (Virtual Network Computing) protocol or the "
"newer `SPICE <http://spice-space.org>`_ protocol. We will use the VNC "
"protocol here, since you are more likely to find a VNC client that works on "
"your local desktop."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:27
msgid ""
"To create an image for the Database service, see `Building Guest Images for "
"OpenStack Trove <https://docs.openstack.org/trove/latest/admin/"
"building_guest_images.html>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:32
msgid "Tools"
msgstr ""

#: ../create-images-manually.rst:40
msgid "Examples"
msgstr ""

#: ../index.rst:3
msgid "OpenStack Virtual Machine Image Guide"
msgstr ""

#: ../index.rst:6
msgid "Abstract"
msgstr ""

#: ../index.rst:8
msgid ""
"This guide describes how to obtain, create, and modify virtual machine "
"images that are compatible with OpenStack."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:3
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:5
msgid ""
"An OpenStack Compute cloud is not very useful unless you have virtual "
"machine images (which some people call \"virtual appliances\"). This guide "
"describes how to obtain, create, and modify virtual machine images that are "
"compatible with OpenStack."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:10
msgid ""
"To keep things brief, we will sometimes use the term ``image`` instead of "
"virtual machine image."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:13
msgid "**What is a virtual machine image?**"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:15
msgid ""
"A virtual machine image is a single file which contains a virtual disk that "
"has a bootable operating system installed on it."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:19
msgid "Disk and container formats for images"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:21
msgid ""
"Virtual machine images come in different *formats*.  A format describes the "
"way the bits making up a file are arranged on the storage medium.  Knowledge "
"of a format is required in order for a consumer to interpret the content of "
"the file correctly (rather than to simply view it as a bunch of bits)."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:26
msgid ""
"When considering a stored virtual machine image, there are two types of "
"format that can come into play."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:30
msgid ""
"The stored file may be a *container* that contains the virtual disk.  For "
"example, the virtual disk may be contained in a ``tar`` file which must be "
"opened before the disk can be retrieved.  It's possible, however, that the "
"virtual disk is not contained in a file, but is just stored as-is by the "
"Image Service."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:34
msgid "container format"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:37
msgid ""
"The virtual disk itself has its bits arranged in some format.  A consuming "
"service must know what this format is before it can effectively use the "
"virtual disk."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:39
msgid "disk format"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:42
msgid "Image metadata"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:44
msgid ""
"Image metadata (also known as \"image properties\") provide information "
"about the virtual disk stored by the Image service.  The metadata is stored "
"as part of the image record associated with the image data by the Image "
"service.  Image metadata can help end users determine the nature of an "
"image, and is used by associated OpenStack components and drivers which "
"interface with the Image service."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:51
msgid ""
"So that image consumers can easily identify the container and disk format of "
"images, the image service has set aside particular metadata keys for these. "
"Not surprisingly, these are named ``container_format`` and ``disk_format``. "
"The legal values for each of these are specified in the Image service's "
"Image schema, which you can obtain in any OpenStack installation by making "
"the following API call::"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:60
msgid ""
"The supported formats may vary across OpenStack clouds.  The formats "
"accepted by a particular cloud will be specified in that cloud's get-schema "
"response to the Images API."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:66
msgid ""
"The image schema lists the legal identifiers for container and disk formats. "
"To understand what these identifiers refer to, consult the `Disk and "
"Container Formats <https://docs.openstack.org/glance/latest/user/formats."
"html>`_ section of the Glance User Guide."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:72
msgid ""
"Image metadata can also determine the scheduling of hosts.  If specific "
"metadata are set on an image (possible metadata are architecture, hypervisor "
"type, and virtual machine mode), and Compute is configured so that the "
"``ImagePropertiesFilter`` scheduler filter is enabled (default), then the "
"scheduler only considers compute hosts that satisfy the specified properties."
""
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:80
msgid ""
"Compute's ``ImagePropertiesFilter`` value is specified in the "
"``enabled_filters`` value in the ``[filter_scheduler]`` section of the ``/"
"etc/nova/nova.conf`` file."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:84
msgid ""
"Other Compute scheduler filters may also be affected by image metadata. For "
"a complete list of valid property keys and values, refer to the `Useful "
"image properties <https://docs.openstack.org/glance/latest/admin/useful-"
"image-properties.html>`_ section of the Glance Administration Guide."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:91
msgid "Adding metadata to an image"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:93
msgid ""
"You can add metadata to Image service images by using the ``--property key="
"value`` parameter with the :command:`openstack image create` or :command:"
"`openstack image set` command. More than one property can be specified. For "
"example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:103
msgid ""
"Common image properties are also specified in the ``/etc/glance/schema-image."
"json`` file.  Other useful property keys and values, are listed in the "
"`Useful image properties <https://docs.openstack.org/glance/latest/admin/"
"useful-image-properties.html>`_ section of the Glance Administration Guide."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:110
msgid ""
"All associated properties for an image can be displayed using the :command:"
"`openstack image show` command. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:142
msgid "**Volume-from-Image properties**"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:144
msgid ""
"When creating Block Storage volumes from images, also consider your "
"configured image properties. If you alter the core image properties, you "
"should also update your Block Storage configuration. Amend "
"``glance_core_properties`` in the ``/etc/cinder/cinder.conf`` file on all "
"controller nodes to match the core properties you have set in the Image "
"service."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:152
msgid "Metadata definition (metadefs) service"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:154
msgid ""
"Images are not the only OpenStack resource that can have metadata associated "
"with them.  Many other resources (for example, volumes) support setting "
"metadata on the resources.  As with images, the metadata may be consumed by "
"humans to understand something about the resource, or may be used by other "
"OpenStack services so that they can make efficient use of the resource (for "
"example, the nova filter scheduler using the image ``architecture`` property "
"to determine an appropriate host on which to build an instance from that "
"image). Thus it is important that there be a discoverable way for people and "
"services to determine what metadata properties and values are available "
"throughout an OpenStack cloud."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:165
msgid ""
"To facilitate this, Glance (the OpenStack Image service) hosts a metadata "
"definition service, which is also known as the *OpenStack metadefs catalog*."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:168
msgid "With this service you can define:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:171
msgid "Contains metadata definitions."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:173
msgid ""
"Specifies the access controls for everything defined in the namespace. These "
"access controls determine who can define and use the definitions in the "
"namespace."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:177
msgid "Associates the definitions with different types of resources."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:177
msgid "Namespace"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:180
msgid ""
"A single property and its primitive constraints. Each property can only be a "
"primitive type. For example, string, integer, number, boolean, or array."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:181
msgid "Property"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:184
msgid ""
"Describes a group of one to many properties and their primitive constraints. "
"Each property in the group can only be a primitive type. For example, "
"string, integer, number, boolean, or array."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:188
msgid ""
"The object may optionally define required properties under the semantic "
"understanding that if you use the object, you should provide all required "
"properties."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:190
msgid "Object"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:193
msgid ""
"Specifies the relationship between resource types and the namespaces that "
"are applicable to them. This information can be used to drive UI and CLI "
"views. For example, the same namespace of objects, properties, and tags may "
"be used for images, snapshots, volumes, and flavors. Or a namespace may only "
"apply to images."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:197
msgid "Resource type association"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:199
msgid ""
"The Image service has predefined namespaces for the metadata definitions "
"catalog. To load files from this directory into the database:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:206
msgid "To unload the files from the database:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:212
msgid "To export the definitions in JSON format:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:220
msgid ""
"By default, files are loaded from and exported to the Image service's ``/etc/"
"glance/metadefs`` directory."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:223
msgid ""
"There is no special relationship between the Image service and the Metadefs "
"service. If you want to apply the keys and values defined in the Metadefs "
"service to images, you must use the Image service API or client tools just "
"as you would for any other OpenStack service."
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:228
msgid "For more information about the OpenStack Metadefs catalog, see:"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:230
msgid ""
"`Using Glance’s Metadata Definitions Catalog Public APIs <https://docs."
"openstack.org/glance/latest/user/glancemetadefcatalogapi.html>`_ in the "
"Glance User Guide"
msgstr ""

#: ../introduction.rst:233
msgid ""
"The `Metadata Definitions Service API Reference <https://docs.openstack.org/"
"api-ref/image/v2/metadefs-index.html>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:3
msgid "Modify images"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:5
msgid ""
"Once you have obtained a virtual machine image, you may want to make some "
"changes to it before uploading it to the Image service. Here we describe "
"several tools available that allow you to modify images."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:11
msgid ""
"Do not attempt to use these tools to modify an image that is attached to a "
"running virtual machine. These tools are designed only to modify the images "
"that are not currently running."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:17
msgid "guestfish"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:19
msgid ""
"The ``guestfish`` program is a tool from the `libguestfs <http://libguestfs."
"org/>`_ project that allows you to modify the files inside of a virtual "
"machine image."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:25
msgid ""
"``guestfish`` does not mount the image directly into the local file system. "
"Instead, it provides you with a shell interface that enables you to view, "
"edit, and delete files. Many of :command:`guestfish` commands, such as :"
"command:`touch`, :command:`chmod`, and :command:`rm`, resemble traditional "
"bash commands."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:32
msgid "Example guestfish session"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:34
msgid ""
"Sometimes you must modify a virtual machine image to remove any traces of "
"the MAC address that was assigned to the virtual network interface card when "
"the image was first created. This is because the MAC address is different "
"when the virtual machine images boots. This example shows how to use the "
"``guestfish`` to remove references to the old MAC address by deleting the ``/"
"etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules`` file and removing the ``HWADDR`` "
"line from the ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`` file."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:45
msgid ""
"Assume that you have a CentOS qcow2 image called ``centos63_desktop.img``. "
"Mount the image in read-write mode as root, as follows:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:61
msgid "This starts a guestfish session."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:65
msgid "the guestfish prompt looks like a fish: ``><fs>``."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:67
msgid ""
"We must first use the :command:`run` command at the guestfish prompt before "
"we can do anything else. This will launch a virtual machine, which will be "
"used to perform all of the file manipulations."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:76
msgid ""
"We can now view the file systems in the image using the :command:`list-"
"filesystems` command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:86
msgid "We need to mount the logical volume that contains the root partition:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:92
msgid ""
"Next, we want to delete a file. We can use the :command:`rm` guestfish "
"command, which works the same way it does in a traditional shell."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:99
msgid ""
"We want to edit the ``ifcfg-eth0`` file to remove the ``HWADDR`` line. The :"
"command:`edit` command will copy the file to the host, invoke your editor, "
"and then copy the file back."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:107
msgid ""
"If you want to modify this image to load the 8021q kernel at boot time, you "
"must create an executable script in the ``/etc/sysconfig/modules/`` "
"directory. You can use the :command:`touch` guestfish command to create an "
"empty file, the :command:`edit` command to edit it, and the :command:`chmod` "
"command to make it executable."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:119
msgid "We add the following line to the file and save it:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:125
msgid "Then we set to executable:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:131
msgid "We are done, so we can exit using the :command:`exit` command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:138
msgid "Go further with guestfish"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:140
msgid ""
"There is an enormous amount of functionality in guestfish and a full "
"treatment is beyond the scope of this document. Instead, we recommend that "
"you read the `guestfs-recipes <http://libguestfs.org/guestfs-recipes.1."
"html>`_ documentation page for a sense of what is possible with these tools."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:147
msgid "guestmount"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:149
msgid ""
"For some types of changes, you may find it easier to mount the image's file "
"system directly in the guest. The ``guestmount`` program, also from the "
"libguestfs project, allows you to do so."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:154
msgid ""
"For example, to mount the root partition from our ``centos63_desktop.qcow2`` "
"image to ``/mnt``, we can do:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:161
msgid ""
"If we did not know in advance what the mount point is in the guest, we could "
"use the ``-i`` (inspect) flag to tell guestmount to automatically determine "
"what mount point to use:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:169
msgid ""
"Once mounted, we could do things like list the installed packages using rpm:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:175
msgid "Once done, we unmount:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:182
msgid "virt-* tools"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:184
msgid ""
"The `libguestfs <http://libguestfs.org/>`_ project has a number of other "
"useful tools, including:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:187
msgid ""
"`virt-edit <http://libguestfs.org/virt-edit.1.html>`_ for editing a file "
"inside of an image."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:189
msgid ""
"`virt-df <http://libguestfs.org/virt-df.1.html>`_ for displaying free space "
"inside of an image."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:191
msgid ""
"`virt-resize <http://libguestfs.org/virt-resize.1.html>`_ for resizing an "
"image."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:193
msgid ""
"`virt-sysprep <http://libguestfs.org/virt-sysprep.1.html>`_ for preparing an "
"image for distribution (for example, delete SSH host keys, remove MAC "
"address info, or remove user accounts)."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:196
msgid ""
"`virt-sparsify <http://libguestfs.org/virt-sparsify.1.html>`_ for making an "
"image sparse."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:198
msgid ""
"`virt-p2v <http://libguestfs.org/virt-v2v/>`_ for converting a physical "
"machine to an image that runs on KVM."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:200
msgid ""
"`virt-v2v <http://libguestfs.org/virt-v2v/>`_ for converting Xen and VMware "
"images to KVM images."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:204
msgid "Modify a single file inside of an image"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:206
msgid ""
"This example shows how to use :command:`virt-edit` to modify a file. The "
"command can take either a filename as an argument with the ``-a`` flag, or a "
"domain name as an argument with the ``-d`` flag. The following examples "
"shows how to use this to modify the ``/etc/shadow`` file in instance with "
"libvirt domain name ``instance-000000e1`` that is currently running:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:220
msgid "Resize an image"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:222
msgid ""
"Here is an example of how to use :command:`virt-resize` to resize an image. "
"Assume we have a 16 GB Windows image in qcow2 format that we want to resize "
"to 50 GB."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:226
msgid "First, we use :command:`virt-filesystems` to identify the partitions:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:236
msgid ""
"In this case, it is the ``/dev/sda2`` partition that we want to resize. We "
"create a new qcow2 image and use the :command:`virt-resize` command to write "
"a resized copy of the original into the new image:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:268
msgid "Loop devices, kpartx, network block devices"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:270
msgid ""
"If you do not have access to the libguestfs, you can mount image file "
"systems directly in the host using loop devices, kpartx, and network block "
"devices."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:276
msgid ""
"Mounting untrusted guest images using the tools described in this section is "
"a security risk, always use libguestfs tools such as guestfish and "
"guestmount if you have access to them. See `A reminder why you should never "
"mount guest disk images on the host OS <https://www.berrange.com/posts/2013/"
"02/20/ a-reminder-why-you-should-never-mount-guest-disk-images-on-the-host-"
"os/>`_ by Daniel Berrangé for more details."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:285
msgid "Mount a raw image (without LVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:287
msgid ""
"If you have a raw virtual machine image that is not using LVM to manage its "
"partitions, use the :command:`losetup` command to find an unused loop device."
""
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:296
msgid ""
"In this example, ``/dev/loop0`` is free. Associate a loop device with the "
"raw image:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:303
msgid ""
"If the image only has a single partition, you can mount the loop device "
"directly:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:310
msgid ""
"If the image has multiple partitions, use :command:`kpartx` to expose the "
"partitions as separate devices (for example, ``/dev/mapper/loop0p1``), then "
"mount the partition that corresponds to the root file system:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:318
msgid ""
"If the image has, say three partitions (/boot, /, swap), there should be one "
"new device created per partition:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:328
msgid "To mount the second partition, as root:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:335
msgid "Once you are done, to clean up:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:345
msgid "Mount a raw image (with LVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:347
msgid ""
"If your partitions are managed with LVM, use :command:`losetup` and :command:"
"`kpartx` commands as in the previous example to expose the partitions to the "
"host."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:358
msgid ""
"Next, you need to use the :command:`vgscan` command to identify the LVM "
"volume groups and then the :command:`vgchange` command to expose the volumes "
"as devices:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:371
msgid "Clean up when you are done:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:381
msgid "Mount a qcow2 image (without LVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:383
msgid ""
"You need the ``nbd`` (network block device) kernel module loaded to mount "
"qcow2 images. This will load it with support for 16 block devices, which is "
"fine for our purposes. As root:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:391
msgid ""
"Assuming the first block device (``/dev/nbd0``) is not currently in use, we "
"can expose the disk partitions using the :command:`qemu-nbd` and :command:"
"`partprobe` commands. As root:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:400
msgid ""
"If the image has, say three partitions (/boot, /, swap), there should be one "
"new device created for each partition:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:413
msgid ""
"If the network block device you selected was already in use, the initial :"
"command:`qemu-nbd` command will fail silently, and the ``/dev/nbd0p{1,2,3}`` "
"device files will not be created."
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:417
msgid ""
"If the image partitions are not managed with LVM, they can be mounted "
"directly:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:425 ../modify-images.rst:453
msgid "When you are done, clean up:"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:434
msgid "Mount a qcow2 image (with LVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../modify-images.rst:436
msgid ""
"If the image partitions are managed with LVM, after you use :command:`qemu-"
"nbd` and :command:`partprobe`, you must use :command:`vgscan` and :command:"
"`vgchange -ay` in order to expose the LVM partitions as devices that can be "
"mounted:"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:3
msgid "Get images"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:7
msgid ""
"The simplest way to obtain a virtual machine image that works with OpenStack "
"is to download one that someone else has already created. Most of the images "
"contain the ``cloud-init`` package to support the SSH key pair and user data "
"injection. Because many of the images disable SSH password authentication by "
"default, boot the image with an injected key pair. You can ``SSH`` into the "
"instance with the private key and default login account. See `Configure "
"access and security for instances <https://docs.openstack.org/horizon/latest/"
"user/configure-access-and-security-for-instances.html>`_ for more "
"information on how to create and inject key pairs with OpenStack."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:19
msgid "AlmaLinux"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:21
msgid ""
"AlmaLinux provides cloud images for download, more detail on the `get "
"AlmaLinux project page <https://almalinux.org/get-almalinux/#Cloud_Images>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:27
msgid "In an Almalinux cloud image, the login account is ``almalinux``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:30
msgid "Alpine Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:32
msgid ""
"Alpine Linux provides cloud images for download, more detail on the `Alpine "
"Linux cloud page <https://alpinelinux.org/cloud/>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:38
msgid "In an Alpine Linux cloud image, the login account is ``alpine``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:41
msgid "Arch Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:43
msgid ""
"Arch Linux provides a cloud image for download. More details can be found on "
"the `arch-boxes project page <https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/arch-"
"boxes/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:49
msgid "In an Arch Linux image, the login account is ``arch``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:52
msgid "BSD: DragonFlyBSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:54
msgid ""
"Unofficial images for BSD are available on `BSD-Cloud-Image.org <https://bsd-"
"cloud-image.org/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:58
msgid ""
"The login accounts are ``freebsd`` for FreeBSD, ``openbsd`` for OpenBSD, and "
"``netbsd`` for NetBSD."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:62
msgid "CentOS"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:64
msgid "The CentOS project maintains official images for direct download:"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:66
msgid "`CentOS 9 stream images <https://cloud.centos.org/centos/9-stream/>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:70
msgid "In a CentOS cloud image, the login account is ``centos``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:73
msgid "CirrOS (test)"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:75
msgid ""
"CirrOS is a minimal Linux distribution that was designed for use as a test "
"image on clouds such as OpenStack Compute. You can download a CirrOS image "
"in various formats from the `CirrOS download page <https://download.cirros-"
"cloud.net>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:80
msgid ""
"If your deployment uses QEMU or KVM, we recommend using the images in qcow2 "
"format. The most recent 64-bit qcow2 image as of this writing is `cirros-0.6."
"2-x86_64-disk.img <https://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.6.2/cirros-0.6.2-"
"x86_64-disk.img>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:87
msgid ""
"In a CirrOS image, the login account is ``cirros``. The password is "
"``gocubsgo``. Since the fixed PW allows anyone to login, you should not run "
"this image with a public IP attached."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:92
msgid "Debian"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:94
msgid ""
"`Debian provides images for direct download <https://cdimage.debian.org/"
"images/cloud/>`_. They are made at the same time as the CD and DVD images of "
"Debian. Therefore, images are available on each point release of Debian. "
"Also, weekly images of the testing distribution are available."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:102
msgid "In a Debian image, the login account is ``debian``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:105
msgid "Fedora"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:107
msgid ""
"The Fedora project maintains a list of official cloud images at `Fedora "
"download page <https://alt.fedoraproject.org/cloud/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:112
msgid "In a Fedora cloud image, the login account is ``fedora``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:115
msgid "Kali Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:117
msgid ""
"Kali Linux provides cloud images for download at the `Get Kali/Cloud page. "
"<https://www.kali.org/get-kali/#kali-cloud>`_ See also the page `Common "
"Cloud Based Setup Information <https://www.kali.org/docs/troubleshooting/"
"common-cloud-setup/>`_ for cloud setup information."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:126
msgid "In a Kali Linux cloud image, the login account is ``kali``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:129
msgid "Microsoft Windows"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:131
msgid ""
"Cloudbase Solutions provides the last available trial version of `Windows "
"Server 2012 R2 <https://cloudbase.it/windows-cloud-images/>`_. This image "
"includes cloudbase-init plus VirtIO drivers on KVM. You can build your own "
"image based on Windows Server 2016, 2019, Windows 10 etc) with `Cloudbase "
"Imaging Tools <https://github.com/cloudbase/windows-openstack-imaging-tools/"
">`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:137
msgid ""
"ISO files for Windows 10 are available on `Microsoft Windows 10 Downloadpage "
"<https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10>`_ and "
"`Microsoft Evaluation Center <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/evaluate-"
"windows-10-enterprise>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:140
msgid ""
"`Fedora Virtio <https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/creating-"
"windows-virtual-machines-using-virtio-drivers/index.html#virtio-win-direct-"
"downloads>`_ provides also Windows images."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:144
msgid "openSUSE and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:146
msgid ""
"The openSUSE community provides images for `openSUSE <https://get.opensuse."
"org/leap>`_ under ``Alternative Downloads / Cloud image``"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:149
msgid ""
"SUSE maintains official SUSE Linux Enterprise Server cloud images. Go to the "
"`SUSE Linux Enterprise Server download page <https://www.suse.com/download/"
"sles/>`_, select the ``AMD64 / Intel 64`` architecture and search for "
"``Cloud``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:156
msgid "In an openSUSE cloud image, the login account is ``opensuse``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:159
msgid "Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:161
msgid ""
"Red Hat maintains official Red Hat Enterprise Linux cloud images. A valid "
"Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscription is required to download these images."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:164
msgid ""
"`Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 KVM Guest Image <https://access.redhat.com/"
"downloads/content/69/ver=/rhel---7/x86_64/product-downloads>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:166
msgid ""
"`Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 KVM Guest Image <https://access.redhat.com/"
"downloads/content/479/ver=/rhel---8/x86_64/product-downloads>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:168
msgid ""
"`Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 KVM Guest Image <https://access.redhat.com/"
"downloads/content/479/ver=/rhel---9/x86_64/product-downloads>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:173
msgid "In a RHEL cloud image, the login account is ``cloud-user``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:176
msgid "Rocky Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:178
msgid ""
"Rocky Linux provides cloud images for download, more detail on the `Rocky "
"Linux download page <https://rockylinux.org/download>`_"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:184
msgid "In an Rocky Linux cloud image, the login account is ``rocky``."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:187
msgid "Ubuntu"
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:189
msgid ""
"Canonical maintains an official set of `Ubuntu-based images <https://cloud-"
"images.ubuntu.com/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:192
msgid ""
"Images are arranged by Ubuntu release, and by image release date, with "
"``current`` being the most recent. For example, the page that contains the "
"most recently built image for Ubuntu 24.04 Noble Numbat is `Ubuntu 24.04 LTS "
"(Noble Numbat) Daily Build <https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/noble/current/"
">`_. Scroll to the bottom of the page for links to the images that can be "
"downloaded directly."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:200
msgid ""
"If your deployment uses QEMU or KVM, we recommend using the images in qcow2 "
"format, with name ending in ``.img``. The most recent version of the 64-bit "
"amd64-arch QCOW2 image for Ubuntu 24.04 is `noble-server-cloudimg-amd64.img "
"<https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/noble/current/noble-server-cloudimg-amd64."
"img>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../obtain-images.rst:209
msgid "In an Ubuntu cloud image, the login account is ``ubuntu``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:3
msgid "Image requirements"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:6
msgid "Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:8
msgid ""
"For a Linux-based image to have full functionality in an OpenStack Compute "
"cloud, there are a few requirements. For some of these, you can fulfill the "
"requirements by installing the `cloud-init <https://cloudinit.readthedocs."
"org/en/latest/>`_ package. Read this section before you create your own "
"image to be sure that the image supports the OpenStack features that you "
"plan to use."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:15
msgid "Disk partitions and resize root partition on boot (``cloud-init``)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:16 ../openstack-images.rst:142
msgid "No hard-coded MAC address information"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:17
msgid "SSH server running"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:18 ../openstack-images.rst:174
msgid "Disable firewall"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:19
msgid "Access instance using ssh public key (``cloud-init``)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:20
msgid "Process user data and other metadata (``cloud-init``)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:21
msgid ""
"Paravirtualized Xen support in Linux kernel (Xen hypervisor only with Linux "
"kernel version < 3.0)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:25
msgid "Disk partitions and resize root partition on boot (cloud-init)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:27
msgid ""
"When you create a Linux image, you must decide how to partition the disks. "
"The choice of partition method can affect the resizing functionality, as "
"described in the following sections."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:31
msgid ""
"The size of the disk in a virtual machine image is determined when you "
"initially create the image. However, OpenStack lets you launch instances "
"with different size drives by specifying different flavors. For example, if "
"your image was created with a 5 GB disk, and you launch an instance with a "
"flavor of ``m1.small``. The resulting virtual machine instance has, by "
"default, a primary disk size of 20 GB. When the disk for an instance is "
"resized up, zeros are just added to the end."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:41
msgid ""
"Your image must be able to resize its partitions on boot to match the size "
"requested by the user. Otherwise, after the instance boots, you must "
"manually resize the partitions to access the additional storage to which you "
"have access when the disk size associated with the flavor exceeds the disk "
"size with which your image was created."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:49
msgid "Xen: one ext3/ext4 partition (no LVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:51
msgid ""
"If you use the OpenStack XenAPI driver, the Compute service automatically "
"adjusts the partition and file system for your instance on boot. Automatic "
"resize occurs if the following conditions are all true:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:55
msgid ""
"``auto_disk_config=True`` is set as a property on the image in the image "
"registry."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:57
msgid "The disk on the image has only one partition."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:58
msgid "The file system on the one partition is ext3 or ext4."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:60
msgid ""
"Therefore, if you use Xen, we recommend that when you create your images, "
"you create a single ext3 or ext4 partition (not managed by LVM). Otherwise, "
"read on."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:65
msgid "Non-Xen with cloud-init/cloud-tools: one ext3/ext4 partition (no LVM)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:67
msgid "You must configure these items for your image:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:69
msgid ""
"The partition table for the image describes the original size of the image."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:70
msgid "The file system for the image fills the original size of the image."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:72
msgid "Then, during the boot process, you must:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:74
msgid "Modify the partition table to make it aware of the additional space:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:76
msgid ""
"If you do not use LVM, you must modify the table to extend the existing root "
"partition to encompass this additional space."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:79
msgid ""
"If you use LVM, you can add a new LVM entry to the partition table, create a "
"new LVM physical volume, add it to the volume group, and extend the logical "
"partition with the root volume."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:83
msgid "Resize the root volume file system."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:85
msgid ""
"Depending on your distribution, the simplest way to support this is to "
"install in your image:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:88
msgid "the `cloud-init <https://launchpad.net/cloud-init>`__ package,"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:89
msgid ""
"the `cloud-utils <https://launchpad.net/cloud-utils>`_ package, which, on "
"Ubuntu and Debian, also contains the ``growpart`` tool for extending "
"partitions,"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:92
msgid ""
"if you use Fedora, CentOS 7, or RHEL 7, the ``cloud-utils-growpart`` "
"package, which contains the ``growpart`` tool for extending partitions,"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:94
msgid ""
"if you use Ubuntu or Debian, the `cloud-initramfs-growroot <https://"
"launchpad.net/cloud-initramfs-tools>`_ package , which supports resizing "
"root partition on the first boot."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:98
msgid ""
"With these packages installed, the image performs the root partition resize "
"on boot. For example, in the ``/etc/rc.local`` file."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:101
msgid ""
"If you cannot install ``cloud-initramfs-tools``, Robert Plestenjak has a "
"GitHub project called `linux-rootfs-resize <https://github.com/flegmatik/"
"linux-rootfs-resize>`_ that contains scripts that update a ramdisk by using "
"``growpart`` so that the image resizes properly on boot."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:107
msgid ""
"If you can install the ``cloud-init`` and ``cloud-utils`` packages, we "
"recommend that when you create your images, you create a single ext3 or ext4 "
"partition (not managed by LVM)."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:112
msgid "Non-Xen without cloud-init/cloud-tools: LVM"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:114
msgid ""
"If you cannot install ``cloud-init`` and ``cloud-tools`` inside of your "
"guest, and you want to support resize, you must write a script that your "
"image runs on boot to modify the partition table. In this case, we recommend "
"using LVM to manage your partitions. Due to a limitation in the Linux kernel "
"(as of this writing), you cannot modify a partition table of a raw disk that "
"has partitions currently mounted, but you can do this for LVM."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:122
msgid "Your script must do something like the following:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:124
msgid ""
"Detect if any additional space is available on the disk. For example, parse "
"the output of ``parted /dev/sda --script \"print free\"``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:127
msgid ""
"Create a new LVM partition with the additional space. For example, ``parted /"
"dev/sda --script \"mkpart lvm ...\"``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:129
msgid "Create a new physical volume. For example, ``pvcreate /dev/sda6``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:130
msgid ""
"Extend the volume group with this physical partition. For example, "
"``vgextend vg00 /dev/sda6``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:132
msgid ""
"Extend the logical volume contained the root partition by the amount of "
"space. For example, ``lvextend /dev/mapper/node-root /dev/sda6``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:135
msgid ""
"Resize the root file system. For example, ``resize2fs /dev/mapper/node-"
"root``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:138
msgid ""
"You do not need a ``/boot`` partition unless your image is an older Linux "
"distribution that requires that ``/boot`` is not managed by LVM."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:144
msgid ""
"You must remove the network persistence rules in the image because they "
"cause the network interface in the instance to come up as an interface other "
"than eth0. This is because your image has a record of the MAC address of the "
"network interface card when it was first installed, and this MAC address is "
"different each time the instance boots. You should alter the following files:"
""
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:152
msgid ""
"Replace ``/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules`` with an empty file "
"(contains network persistence rules, including MAC address)."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:154
msgid ""
"Replace ``/lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules`` with an "
"empty file (this generates the file above)."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:156
msgid ""
"Remove the HWADDR line from ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`` on "
"Fedora-based images."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:161
msgid ""
"If you delete the network persistent rules files, you may get a ``udev "
"kernel`` warning at boot time, which is why we recommend replacing them with "
"empty files instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:166
msgid "Ensure ssh server runs"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:168
msgid ""
"You must install an ssh server into the image and ensure that it starts up "
"on boot, or you cannot connect to your instance by using ssh when it boots "
"inside of OpenStack. This package is typically called ``openssh-server``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:176
msgid ""
"In general, we recommend that you disable any firewalls inside of your image "
"and use OpenStack security groups to restrict access to instances. The "
"reason is that having a firewall installed on your instance can make it more "
"difficult to troubleshoot networking issues if you cannot connect to your "
"instance."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:184
msgid "Access instance by using ssh public key (cloud-init)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:186
msgid ""
"The typical way that users access virtual machines running on OpenStack is "
"to ssh using public key authentication. For this to work, your virtual "
"machine image must be configured to download the ssh public key from the "
"OpenStack metadata service or config drive, at boot time."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:192
msgid ""
"If both the XenAPI agent and ``cloud-init`` are present in an image, ``cloud-"
"init`` handles ssh-key injection. The system assumes ``cloud-init`` is "
"present when the image has the ``cloud_init_installed`` property."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:200
msgid ""
"The ``cloud-init`` package automatically fetches the public key from the "
"metadata server and places the key in an account. The account varies by "
"distribution. On Ubuntu-based virtual machines, the account is called "
"``ubuntu``, on Fedora-based virtual machines, the account is called "
"``fedora``, and on CentOS-based virtual machines, the account is called "
"``centos``."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:220
msgid "Write a custom script to fetch the public key"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:222
msgid ""
"If you are unable or unwilling to install ``cloud-init`` inside the guest, "
"you can write a custom script to fetch the public key and add it to a user "
"account."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:226
msgid ""
"To fetch the ssh public key and add it to the root account, edit the ``/etc/"
"rc.local`` file and add the following lines before the line ``touch /var/"
"lock/subsys/local``. This code fragment is taken from the `rackerjoe oz-"
"image-build CentOS 6 template <https://github.com/ rackerjoe/oz-image-build/"
"blob/master/templates/centos60_x86_64.tdl>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:269
msgid ""
"Some VNC clients replace : (colon) with ; (semicolon) and _ (underscore) "
"with - (hyphen). If editing a file over a VNC session, make sure it is http: "
"not http; and authorized_keys not authorized-keys."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:275
msgid "Process user data and other metadata (cloud-init)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:277
msgid ""
"In addition to the ssh public key, an image might need additional "
"information from OpenStack, such as to povide user data to instances, that "
"the user submitted when requesting the image. For example, you might want to "
"set the host name of the instance when it is booted. Or, you might wish to "
"configure your image so that it executes user data content as a script on "
"boot."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:285
msgid ""
"You can access this information through the metadata service or referring to "
"`Store metadata on the configuration drive <https://docs.openstack.org/user-"
"guide/cli-config-drive.html>`_. As the OpenStack metadata service is "
"compatible with version 2009-04-04 of the Amazon EC2 metadata service, "
"consult the Amazon EC2 documentation on `Using Instance Metadata <http://"
"docs.amazonwebservices.com/ AWSEC2/2009-04-04/UserGuide/AESDG-chapter-"
"instancedata.html>`_ for details on how to retrieve the user data."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:295
msgid ""
"The easiest way to support this type of functionality is to install the "
"``cloud-init`` package into your image, which is configured by default to "
"treat user data as an executable script, and sets the host name."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:303
msgid "Ensure image writes boot log to console"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:305
msgid ""
"You must configure the image so that the kernel writes the boot log to the "
"``ttyS0`` device. In particular, the ``console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8`` "
"arguments must be passed to the kernel on boot."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:310
msgid ""
"If your image uses ``grub2`` as the boot loader, there should be a line in "
"the grub configuration file. For example, ``/boot/grub/grub.cfg``, which "
"looks something like this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:318
msgid ""
"If ``console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8`` does not appear, you must modify "
"your grub configuration. In general, you should not update the ``grub.cfg`` "
"directly, since it is automatically generated. Instead, you should edit the "
"``/etc/default/grub`` file and modify the value of the "
"``GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT`` variable:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:328
msgid ""
"Next, update the grub configuration. On Debian-based operating systems such "
"as Ubuntu, run this command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:335
msgid ""
"On Fedora-based systems, such as RHEL and CentOS, and on openSUSE, run this "
"command:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:343
msgid "Paravirtualized Xen support in the kernel (Xen hypervisor only)"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:345
msgid ""
"Prior to Linux kernel version 3.0, the mainline branch of the Linux kernel "
"did not have support for paravirtualized Xen virtual machine instances (what "
"Xen calls DomU guests). If you are running the Xen hypervisor with "
"paravirtualization, and you want to create an image for an older Linux "
"distribution that has a pre 3.0 kernel, you must ensure that the image boots "
"a kernel that has been compiled with Xen support."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:354
msgid "Manage the image cache"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:356
msgid ""
"Use options in the ``nova.conf`` file to control whether, and for how long, "
"unused base images are stored in the ``/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/``. If "
"you have configured live migration of instances, all your compute nodes "
"share one common ``/var/lib/nova/instances/`` directory."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:361
msgid ""
"For information about the libvirt images in OpenStack, see `The life of an "
"OpenStack libvirt image from Pádraig Brady <http://www.pixelbeat.org/docs/"
"openstack_libvirt_images/>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:366
msgid "Image cache management configuration options"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:370
msgid "Configuration option=Default value"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:371
msgid "(Type) Description"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:372
msgid "preallocate_images=none"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:373
msgid "(StrOpt) VM image preallocation mode:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:375
msgid "none"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:376
msgid "No storage provisioning occurs up front."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:378
msgid ""
"Storage is fully allocated at instance start. The ``$instance_dir/`` images "
"are `fallocated <http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/pages/man2/"
"fallocate.2.html>`_ to immediately determine if enough space is available, "
"and to possibly improve VM I/O performance due to ongoing allocation "
"avoidance, and better locality of block allocations."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:382
msgid "space"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:384
msgid "remove_unused_base_images=True"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:385
msgid ""
"(BoolOpt) Should unused base images be removed? When set to True, the "
"interval at which base images are removed are set with the following two "
"settings. If set to False base images are never removed by Compute."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:389
msgid "remove_unused_original_minimum_age_seconds=86400"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:390
msgid ""
"(IntOpt) Unused unresized base images younger than this are not removed. "
"Default is 86400 seconds, or 24 hours."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:392
msgid "remove_unused_resized_minimum_age_seconds=3600"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:393
msgid ""
"(IntOpt) Unused resized base images younger than this are not removed. "
"Default is 3600 seconds, or one hour."
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:396
msgid ""
"To see how the settings affect the deletion of a running instance, check the "
"directory where the images are stored:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:403
msgid "In the ``/var/log/compute/compute.log`` file, look for the identifier:"
msgstr ""

#: ../openstack-images.rst:411
msgid ""
"Because 86400 seconds (24 hours) is the default time for "
"``remove_unused_original_minimum_age_seconds``, you can either wait for that "
"time interval to see the base image removed, or set the value to a shorter "
"time period in the ``nova.conf`` file. Restart all nova services after "
"changing a setting in the ``nova.conf`` file."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:3
msgid "Image sharing"
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:5
msgid ""
"Image producers and consumers are both OpenStack users, or projects. Image "
"producers create and share images with image consumers, allowing the "
"consumers to use the shared image when booting a server. The producer shares "
"an image with the consumer by making the consumer a member of that image. "
"The consumer then accepts or rejects the image by changing the image member "
"status. After it is accepted, the image appears in the consumer's image list."
" As long as the consumer is a member of the image, the consumer can use the "
"image, regardless of the image member status, if the consumer knows the "
"image ID."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:16
msgid ""
"In the OpenStack Image API, the image member status serves three purposes:"
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:19
msgid ""
"The member status controls whether image appears in the consumer's image "
"list. If the image member status is ``accepted``, the image appears in the "
"consumer's image list. Otherwise, the image does not appear in the image "
"list. The image may still be used as long as the consumer knows the image ID."
""
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:25
msgid "The member status can be used to filter the consumer's image list."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:27
msgid ""
"The member status lets the producer know whether the consumer has seen and "
"acted on the shared image. If the status is ``accepted`` or ``rejected``, "
"the consumer has definitely seen the shared image. If the status is "
"``pending``, the consumer may not be aware that an image was shared."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:33
msgid ""
"Image producers and consumers have different abilities and responsibilities "
"regarding image sharing, which the following list shows."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:36
msgid ""
"Image producers add members to images, or remove members from images, but "
"they may not modify the member status of an image member."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:39
msgid ""
"Image producers and consumers view the status of image members. When listing "
"image members, the producers see all the image members, and the consumers "
"see only themselves."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:43
msgid ""
"Image consumers change their own member status, but they may not add or "
"remove themselves as an image member."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:46
msgid ""
"Image consumers can boot from any image shared by the image producer, "
"regardless of the member status, as long as the consumer knows the image ID."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:51
msgid "Sharing an image"
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:53
msgid ""
"The following procedure is a workflow for image sharing after image creation."
""
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:55
msgid ""
"Communications between the image producer and the consumer, such as those "
"described in this example, must be arranged independently of the OpenStack "
"Image API. The consumer and producer can send notifications by using email, "
"phone, Twitter, or other channels."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:60
msgid ""
"The producer posts the availability of specific images for consumers to "
"review."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:63
msgid ""
"A potential consumer provides the producer with the consumer's project ID. "
"Optionally, the producer might request the consumer's email address for "
"notification purposes, but this is outside the scope of the API."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:68
msgid ""
"The producer shares the image with the consumer,  by using the ``Create "
"image member`` API operation."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:71
msgid ""
"Optionally, the producer notifies the consumer that the image has been "
"shared and provides the image's ID (UUID)."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:74
msgid ""
"If the consumer wants the image to appear in the image list, the consumer "
"uses the OpenStack Image API to change the image member status to "
"``accepted``, by using the ``Update image member`` API operation."
msgstr ""

#: ../share-images.rst:78
msgid ""
"If the consumer subsequently wants to hide the image, the consumer uses the "
"OpenStack Image API to change the image member status to ``rejected``. If "
"the consumer wants to hide the image, but is open to the possibility of "
"being reminded by the producer that the image is available, the consumer "
"uses the OpenStack Image API to change the image member status back to "
"``pending``, by using the ``Update image member`` API operation."
msgstr ""